What are the main arteries that supply the anterior abdominal wall?

The anterior abdominal wall is primarily supplied by four deep arteries: superior epigastric artery, musculophrenic artery, inferior epigastric artery, and deep circumflex iliac artery. These vessels lie within fascial and muscular planes.

Where does the superior epigastric artery originate and what does it connect to?

The superior epigastric artery originates as a terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery. It runs downward in the rectus sheath and terminates by anastomosing with the inferior epigastric artery.

How does the inferior epigastric artery enter the rectus sheath?

The inferior epigastric artery originates from the external iliac artery. It runs upward and medially, then pierces the fascia transversalis to enter the rectus sheath below the arcuate line.

What is the clinical significance of the anastomoses between these arteries?

The anastomoses, such as between the superior and inferior epigastric arteries, provide robust collateral circulation. This helps maintain blood flow if one artery is blocked or during surgical procedures.

What is the role of the deep circumflex iliac artery in the abdominal wall?

The deep circumflex iliac artery runs along the inguinal ligament and iliac crest. It pierces the transversus abdominis muscle to supply the lateral abdominal wall between muscle layers.

How are the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries related?

Both the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries are terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery. They supply different regions of the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm.

Abdominal Wall Arteries – Epigastric & Circumflex Iliac