What are the main components of the male reproductive system?

The male reproductive system consists of the primary sex organ (testes), secondary sex organs (e.g., epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland), and external genitalia (penis, urethra, scrotum).

What is the function of the testes?

The testes produce sperm through spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules and secrete testosterone via Leydig cells, which regulates secondary sex characteristics and sperm production.

How does the epididymis contribute to sperm function?

The epididymis is a coiled duct that stores and matures spermatozoa, enabling them to gain motility and fertilizing ability; sperm taken directly from the testes cannot fertilize.

What is the role of the prostate gland in reproduction?

The prostate gland secretes a milky, alkaline fluid that forms most of the semen, providing nutrients and protection for sperm. Common conditions include Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer.

How does the male urethra differ in its functions?

The male urethra is about 20 cm long and S-shaped, divided into prostatic, membranous, and penile parts. It conducts both urine and semen, with the penile portion running within the corpus spongiosum.

What is a vasectomy and how does it affect semen?

A vasectomy is a permanent sterilization method involving surgical division of the ductus deferens. Semen volume remains largely unaffected because sperm form only a minor part of it.

Why is the scrotum important for male fertility?

The scrotum regulates testicular temperature, which is essential for spermatogenesis. It is a cutaneous sac divided into compartments, each housing a testis and spermatic cord.

Male Reproductive System – Anatomy & Function

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