What is the maxilla and what structures does it form?

The maxilla is one of two irregular, pneumatic bones that make up the upper jaw. It supports the upper teeth and helps form key facial structures, including the orbits, nasal cavity, and hard palate.

What are the main parts of the maxilla?

Each maxilla consists of a pyramidal body and four processes: frontal process (ascends to the frontal bone), zygomatic process (articulates with the zygomatic bone), palatine process (forms most of the hard palate), and alveolar process (bears the upper teeth).

What are the surfaces of the maxilla's body?

The body of the maxilla has four surfaces: nasal (medial) surface (forms the lateral nasal wall), orbital (superior) surface (forms most of the orbital floor), infratemporal (posterior) surface (forms part of the infratemporal fossa), and anterior (facial) surface (features the infraorbital foramen).

What clinical conditions are associated with the maxilla?

Key clinical issues include maxillary fractures (such as Le Fort types), maxillary sinus infections (often from dental spread), and canine fossa infections that can extend to nearby areas like the orbit.

How do maxillary fractures, like Le Fort fractures, occur?

Le Fort fractures are specific patterns of facial trauma: Le Fort I is a horizontal fracture above the palate, Le Fort II is a pyramidal fracture involving the nasal bridge and orbital floor, and Le Fort III causes complete separation of the facial and cranial skeletons.

Why is the maxillary sinus prone to infection?

The maxillary sinus is located within the maxilla's body and is close to the roots of the molar teeth. Dental infections can easily spread into the sinus, leading to sinusitis or other complications.

What is the role of the alveolar process in the maxilla?

The alveolar process is the curved, downward extension of the maxilla that forms the alveolar arch. It contains the sockets (alveoli) that hold and support the upper teeth.

Maxilla Anatomy – Processes & Le Fort Fractures

❓ Frequently Asked Questions