What are the main structural divisions of the head in surface anatomy?

The head is divided into two main parts: the cranium, which houses the brain, and the face, which contains sensory organs and openings for systems like digestion and respiration.

What are the key landmarks in the frontal region of the head?

Key landmarks include eyebrows over the supraorbital margin, glabella (the smooth area between the eyebrows), and frontal eminence (a bony prominence above the eyebrows).

Where is the temporal region located and what is its clinical significance?

The temporal region is between the temporal line and zygomatic arch. It contains the temporalis muscle and the clinically important pterion, a site relevant in head injuries.

What structures are found in the auricular region?

This region includes the external ear and auditory canal, with features like helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, lobule (soft lower part), and concha and intertragic notch.

What is the mental protuberance and why is it notable in human anatomy?

The mental protuberance (or mentum) is located below the lower lip and separated by the labiomental groove. It is a hallmark of human anatomy, representing a distinctive chin structure.

How can you locate the facial artery in the buccal region?

In the buccal region, the facial artery pulsation can be felt approximately 1.25 cm lateral to the angle of the mouth, overlying the buccinator muscle.

What are the boundaries of the parotid region?

The parotid region surrounds the ear and contains the parotid gland. Its boundaries are anteriorly by the masseter muscle, posteriorly by the mastoid process, and inferiorly by a line from the angle of the mandible to the mastoid tip.

Head Surface Anatomy – Key Cranial & Facial Landmarks

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