What are the main arterial anastomoses on the back of the thigh?

The three main anastomoses are the longitudinal, trochanteric, and cruciate anastomoses. They form interconnected networks to ensure blood supply to the posterior thigh and hip regions.

What is the function of the longitudinal arterial anastomosis?

It provides the principal arterial supply to the posterior thigh via perforating branches of the profunda femoris artery. It also ensures collateral circulation if the femoral or external iliac arteries are obstructed.

How is the trochanteric anastomosis formed?

It is formed by four arteries: ascending branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery, ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery, descending branch of the superior gluteal artery, and descending branch of the inferior gluteal artery.

Where is the cruciate anastomosis located and what does it connect?

It is located at the level of the lesser trochanter on the posterior femur. This anastomosis connects the internal iliac and femoral artery systems.

What arteries contribute to the cruciate anastomosis?

It is formed by: transverse branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery, transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery, ascending branch of the first perforating artery, and descending branch of the inferior gluteal artery.

Why are these anastomoses clinically important?

They provide collateral circulation, ensuring continuous blood flow to the lower limb if major arteries like the femoral or external iliac are obstructed or ligated above the profunda femoris origin.

How does the longitudinal anastomosis connect with other arteries?

It forms a vertical chain near the adductor magnus via ascending and descending branches of perforating arteries. The lowest perforator connects with the superior muscular branch of the popliteal artery.

Thigh Anastomoses – Trochanteric & Cruciate

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