What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

The femoral triangle is bounded laterally by the medial border of the sartorius muscle, medially by the medial border of the adductor longus muscle, superiorly by the inguinal ligament as the base, and inferiorly by the apex where sartorius crosses adductor longus.

What are the main contents of the femoral triangle?

The main contents include the femoral artery, femoral vein, and femoral nerve, along with deep inguinal lymph nodes, the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve, the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, and fibrofatty tissue.

What is the clinical significance of the femoral triangle?

It serves as a key anatomical landmark for neurovascular structures passing from the abdomen to the lower limb, making it important for procedures like femoral artery catheterization and assessing conditions such as femoral hernias.

What is the femoral sheath and what does it contain?

The femoral sheath is a funnel-shaped fascial sleeve enclosing the upper femoral vessels. It has three compartments: lateral for the femoral artery and femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve, intermediate for the femoral vein, and medial (femoral canal) containing the lymph node of Cloquet and allowing vein expansion. The femoral nerve lies outside this sheath.

What structures form the floor and roof of the femoral triangle?

The floor (lateral to medial) is formed by the iliacus, psoas major tendon, pectineus, and adductor longus muscles. The roof is the fascia lata with the saphenous opening, overlaid by superficial fascia containing superficial vessels, nerves, and lymph nodes.

How does the femoral nerve relate to the femoral triangle?

The femoral nerve lies lateral to the femoral artery and outside the femoral sheath. It divides about 2.5 cm below the inguinal ligament into anterior and posterior divisions, giving rise to cutaneous nerves and the saphenous nerve.

What are the branches of the femoral artery within the femoral triangle?

The femoral artery gives off superficial branches (superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, superficial external pudendal) and deep branches, including the profunda femoris artery, which further divides into medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries.

Femoral Triangle – Boundaries, Contents & Clinical Notes

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