What are the main nerves in the gluteal region?

The main nerves include the superior gluteal nerve (supplying gluteus medius, minimus, and tensor fasciae latae) and the inferior gluteal nerve (supplying gluteus maximus). Other key nerves are the sciatic nerve, posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh, and nerves to quadratus femoris and obturator internus.

Why is the sciatic nerve important in the gluteal region?

It is the largest nerve in the body and emerges below the piriformis muscle. Its location makes it vulnerable to injury, such as from improper intramuscular injections, which can cause significant pain and motor deficits.

How can I avoid injuring the sciatic nerve during a gluteal injection?

Injections should be given in the upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal region, targeting the gluteus medius muscle. This area is safe because it avoids the sciatic nerve, which runs lower in the region.

What is piriformis syndrome?

Piriformis syndrome occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed by a hypertrophied or spastic piriformis muscle. This can cause buttock pain and neuropathic symptoms, often seen in athletes and cyclists.

What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

The superior gluteal nerve supplies the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae muscles. It also gives an articular branch to the hip joint.

Where does the inferior gluteal nerve exit the pelvis?

It exits through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle, accompanied by the inferior gluteal artery. From there, it supplies the gluteus maximus muscle from its deep surface.

What is the function of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

This nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the gluteal and perineal regions. It emerges medial to the sciatic nerve and lies mostly deep to the fascia lata.

Gluteal Nerves – Sciatic Nerve & Safe Injections

❓ Frequently Asked Questions