What is the origin of the tibial nerve?

The tibial nerve originates as the larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve in the thigh, specifically at the junction of the upper two-thirds and lower one-third.

What muscles does the tibial nerve supply?

It provides muscular branches to several key muscles in the posterior leg: popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and soleus (via its deep surface).

Where does the tibial nerve end and what does it become?

The tibial nerve ends deep to the flexor retinaculum by dividing into the medial and lateral plantar nerves, which continue into the foot.

What is the pathway of the tibial nerve through the leg?

It enters the popliteal fossa, passes deep to the soleus with the posterior tibial vessels, and runs alongside the posterior tibial artery, initially lateral and then crossing to its medial side.

What are the cutaneous branches of the tibial nerve?

The tibial nerve gives off medial calcaneal branches that pierce the flexor retinaculum to supply the skin of the heel and its weight-bearing surface.

Does the tibial nerve have any articular branches?

Yes, it provides articular branches to the ankle joint, contributing to its sensory innervation.

Tibial Nerve – Course & Branches in Posterior Leg