Where do the common carotid arteries originate?

The right common carotid artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk behind the right sternoclavicular joint. The left common carotid artery originates from the arch of the aorta in the thorax and ascends to enter the neck behind the left sternoclavicular joint.

What is the course and termination of the common carotid arteries?

In the neck, both arteries ascend vertically from the sternoclavicular joint to the upper border of the thyroid cartilage lamina (opposite the C3–C4 intervertebral disc). They terminate by dividing into the external carotid artery (supplies extracranial structures) and the internal carotid artery (supplies intracranial structures and is considered the continuation of the common carotid).

What are the branches of the common carotid artery?

The common carotid artery has only two branches, which are its terminal branches: the external carotid artery and the internal carotid artery.

How is the carotid pulse palpated clinically?

The carotid pulse is palpated by pressing the artery medially and posteriorly against the carotid tubercle (anterior tubercle of the transverse process of the C6 vertebra, also called Chassaignac’s tubercle). The pulse point is located about 4 cm above the sternoclavicular joint at the level of the cricoid cartilage.

Why is the carotid pulse considered clinically important?

The carotid pulse is considered the most constant and reliable pulse in the body. Above the pulse point, the artery is superficial, making its pulsations easily palpable for assessing circulation in emergencies or clinical examinations.

What anatomical structures are related to the common carotid arteries in the neck?

In the neck, the common carotid arteries lie in front of the transverse processes of the lower four cervical vertebrae and are overlapped by the sternocleidomastoid muscle. They are also located within the anterior triangle of the neck.

Common Carotid Artery – Course, Bifurcation & Pulse