What is the origin and course of the anterior interosseous artery?

The anterior interosseous artery arises from the common interosseous artery, a branch of the ulnar artery. It descends on the anterior surface of the interosseous membrane, accompanied by the anterior interosseous nerve, and pierces the membrane at the upper border of the pronator quadratus to enter the posterior compartment.

What structures does the anterior interosseous artery supply in the forearm?

It is a major artery supplying the deep structures of the forearm. As the deepest artery in the anterior compartment, it functionally resembles the peroneal artery of the leg, distributing blood to deep tissues.

How does the anterior interosseous artery anastomose in the forearm and wrist?

After entering the posterior compartment, it anastomoses with the posterior interosseous artery. It then passes under the extensor retinaculum to reach the dorsum of the wrist, where it joins the dorsal carpal arch.

What is the relationship between the anterior interosseous artery and nerve?

The artery is accompanied by the anterior interosseous nerve, which is a branch of the median nerve. They travel together along the interosseous membrane in the anterior compartment of the forearm.

Where does the anterior interosseous artery pierce the interosseous membrane?

It pierces the interosseous membrane at the upper border of the pronator quadratus muscle. This allows it to transition from the anterior to the posterior compartment of the forearm.

What is the functional significance of the anterior interosseous artery?

Functionally, it is similar to the peroneal artery of the leg, serving as a deep artery that supplies critical structures. Its anastomoses help maintain blood flow to the wrist and hand via the dorsal carpal arch.

Anterior Interosseous Artery – Course & Distribution