What are the main functions of the anterior compartment muscles of the arm?

The muscles primarily flex the elbow and shoulder joints. Specifically, the biceps brachii flexes the elbow and supinates the forearm, the brachialis is the main elbow flexor, and the coracobrachialis flexes and adducts the shoulder.

Which nerve supplies the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?

All three muscles are supplied wholly or partially by the musculocutaneous nerve. The brachialis also receives a branch from the radial nerve for its lateral part.

What is the clinical significance of the biceps reflex test?

It assesses the integrity of the C5–C6 spinal segments and the musculocutaneous nerve. A normal response involves biceps contraction and elbow flexion when the tendon is tapped.

Why is the coracobrachialis considered an important anatomical landmark?

It serves as a key landmark because the musculocutaneous nerve pierces it, and the brachial artery and median nerve lie medial to it, helping guide surgical procedures.

How does the brachialis differ from the biceps brachii in elbow flexion?

The brachialis is the primary and strongest elbow flexor, working in all forearm positions, while the biceps brachii is more effective when the forearm is supinated and also supinates the forearm.

What are common clinical issues associated with the biceps brachii?

Common issues include bicipital tendonitis (inflammation of the long head tendon causing shoulder pain) and injuries from repetitive overhead activities like throwing or swimming.

What blood vessel primarily supplies the anterior compartment muscles?

The muscles receive blood mainly from the brachial artery, which runs through the arm and provides essential vascular support.

Anterior Arm Muscles – Biceps, Brachialis & Coracobrachialis

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