What are the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints?

The MP joints are synovial ellipsoid joints located between the heads of the metacarpal bones and the bases of the proximal phalanges. They allow movements like flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and limited rotation.

What movements do the interphalangeal (IP) joints allow?

The IP joints, which include both proximal (PIP) and distal (DIP) joints, are synovial hinge joints that primarily permit flexion and extension of the fingers.

What ligaments support the metacarpophalangeal joints?

The MP joints are stabilized by palmar ligaments (fibrocartilaginous plates attached to the phalanges and connected by the deep transverse metacarpal ligament in digits 2–5) and collateral ligaments (strong fibrous cords on the medial and lateral sides).

How do the MP and IP joints differ in structure and function?

MP joints are ellipsoid joints that allow a wide range of movements, including abduction and adduction. In contrast, IP joints are hinge joints restricted to flexion and extension, with a simpler structure similar to MP joints but without the same mobility.

What is the role of the deep transverse metacarpal ligament?

The deep transverse metacarpal ligament connects the palmar ligaments of the MP joints in digits 2–5, helping to stabilize these joints and maintain alignment during hand movements.

Are the interphalangeal joints similar to the metacarpophalangeal joints?

Yes, IP joints have a similar structure to MP joints, including strong collateral and palmar ligaments, but they are hinge joints with more limited movement (only flexion and extension).

Finger Joints – MCP, PIP & DIP Anatomy