What is the difference between superficial and deep lymphatic vessels in the upper limb?

Superficial lymphatic vessels are located in subcutaneous tissue and accompany superficial veins, draining skin and superficial tissues. Deep lymphatic vessels are fewer in number, accompany deep arteries, and drain muscles and deeper structures.

How does lymph from different parts of the hand drain?

Lymph drainage follows specific patterns: lateral side and lateral two digits follow the cephalic vein to infraclavicular nodes, medial side and medial three digits follow the basilic vein to lateral axillary nodes, and the thumb may drain into deltopectoral nodes. Lymph from the palm drains to the dorsum of the hand first.

What are the main superficial lymph nodes in the upper limb?

The main superficial lymph nodes include infraclavicular nodes along the cephalic vein, deltopectoral node in the deltopectoral groove, and supratrochlear (cubital) nodes above the medial epicondyle.

Where does most lymph from the upper limb ultimately drain?

Most lymph from the upper limb ultimately drains into the axillary lymph nodes, which are the primary drainage site. These nodes are divided into anterior, posterior, central, and apical groups.

What clinical conditions are associated with the lymphatic system of the upper limb?

Key clinical conditions include lymphangitis (inflammation of lymph vessels), lymphedema (swelling due to obstruction), supratrochlear node enlargement (suggests medial hand/forearm infection), and axillary lymphadenopathy (common after infections).

What is the role of the supratrochlear (cubital) lymph nodes?

The supratrochlear (cubital) nodes are located above the medial epicondyle along the basilic vein. They drain the ulnar side of the forearm and hand, and enlargement suggests infection in these areas.

Are there deep lymph nodes other than the axillary nodes in the upper limb?

Yes, other deep lymph nodes include those along the brachial artery, in the cubital fossa at the brachial artery bifurcation, and occasionally along radial and ulnar arteries.

Lymphatic Drainage of Upper Limb – Vessels & Nodes

❓ Frequently Asked Questions