What is the profunda brachii artery?

The profunda brachii artery is the largest branch of the brachial artery, also known as the deep artery of the arm. It supplies the posterior arm and contributes to the arterial network around the elbow.

Where does the profunda brachii artery originate?

It originates from the posterolateral aspect of the brachial artery, just below the teres major muscle. From there, it courses into the radial groove of the humerus alongside the radial nerve.

What are the main branches of the profunda brachii artery?

Its main branches include the deltoid branch, nutrient artery to humerus, anterior descending branch (radial collateral artery), and posterior descending branch (middle collateral artery). These contribute to elbow anastomoses.

How does the profunda brachii artery relate to the radial nerve?

The profunda brachii artery follows the radial nerve into the radial (spiral) groove of the humerus. This close anatomical relationship is important for understanding arm neurovascular structures.

What is the clinical significance of the profunda brachii artery?

It plays a key role in the arterial anastomosis around the elbow, providing collateral circulation. This helps maintain blood flow if other arteries are compromised, such as in injuries or surgeries.

Which structures does the profunda brachii artery supply?

It primarily supplies the posterior arm muscles and the humerus via its branches. Its terminal branches also connect to the elbow anastomosis, aiding in distal limb perfusion.

Profunda Brachii Artery – Course, Branches & Elbow Supply